a (long) as in father
(short) when followed by two consonants, as in cart
ä (umlaut) as in any
ai as in aisle
au (diphthong) as in mouse
äu (diphthong) as in moist
b as in bread after a consonant, at the end of a syllable or word as in lip
c (used only in foreign words) as in huts
ch as in the Scottish loch
ck as in neck
d as in drive after a consonant, at the end of a syllable or word as in bent
e (long) as in bay
(short) as in belt
ei (diphthong) as in my
eu (diphthong) sounds like äu
f as in fun
g as in good after a consonant, at the end of a syllable or word as in dark
h as in hold
i (long) as in machine
(short) as in fit
j as in yes
k as in kilo
l as in land
m as in milk
n as in night
o (long) as in tone
(short) as in often
ö (umlaut) as in fur
p as in past
q as in quick (q is always followed by u)
r rolled as in Scots
s as in zero
sch as in shoe
st as in wish to
ß (sharp s) as in gas
t as in tell
u (long) as in moon
(short) as in foot
ü (umlaut) as in music (use only second sound of vowel: meeusic)
v as in fast
w as in very
x as in box
y sounds like ü at the end of a word it sounds like i
as in any
z as in nuts
Numbers from one to nine are called Einer.
Numbers such as zehn (ten), zwanzig (twenty), dreißig (thirty) are called Zehner.
0 null - zero
1 eins - one
2 zwei - two
3 drei - three
4 vier - four
5 fünf - five
6 sechs - six
7 sieben - seven
8 acht - eight
9 neun - nine
10 zehn - ten
11 elf - eleven
12 zwölf - twelve
13 dreizehn - thirteen
14 vierzehn - fourteen
15 fünfzehn - fifteen
16 sechzehn - sixteen
17 siebzehn - seventeen
18 achtzehn - eighteen
19 neunzehn - nineteen
20 zwanzig - twenty
Numbers from 21 to 99 are formed by an Einer and a Zehner joined by und:
einundzwanzig (one and twenty), zweiunddreißig (two and thirty).
From 100 on, und is not used between numbers:
Hundertachtzehn (one hundred eighteen), viertausendsiebenhundertvierundvierzig (four thousand seven hundred four and forty)
Words such as erste (first) and zweite (second), refer to a position in a series. They are formed by adding -te to the corresponding cardinal numbers.
Notice the three irregular forms, erste, dritte, and siebte.
1. erste - first
2. zweite - second
3. dritte - third
4. vierte - fourth
5. fünfte - fifth
6. sechste - sixth
7. siebte - seventh
8. achte - eighth
9. neunte - ninth
10. zehnte - tenth